Tension Headache
Last week (This was on 29th of August 2015 when I answered Mr. Y) I received an inbox message from someone who we will refer to for anonymity reasons as Mr. Y. Mr. Y said that recently he experienced bouts of mild headaches. He mentioned that he read my most recent post on migraine headaches and wondered if he too suffers from migraine headaches like Mrs. X. I replied by asking Mr. Y to further describe his headaches: were his headaches unilateral or bilateral (pain on one side or both sides of the head), were there any flashes of light or visual disturbances before the onset of the headache, and if any factors were present that might have set off his headaches. (I ask these questions as his answers could either rule in or rule out a migraine headache.) Furthermore, I asked him if by any chance his headaches occurred at night and if there was any eye pain involved, teary eyes, or a runny nose. (I ask these questions to possibly rule in or rule out cluster headache as this type of headache occurs more frequently in the younger male population.) Mr. Y replied that he has never experienced any headaches in the past and that he would categorize himself as a healthy individual who does not smoke or drink. He went on to share that his headaches have been going on for the past few weeks, usually occurring at the end of a long work day, with the pain starting around his neck and forehead and radiating out to the top of his head. In addition to this, he further shared that lately he has been under a lot of pressure at the office and the recent bombing tragedy at the Erawan shrine in Bangkok has left him feeling anxious with difficulty falling asleep at night. I shared with Mr. Y that since he has never experienced any headaches in the past, and the history he provided seems to rule out cluster and migraine headaches as the possible diagnosis. However, his history and symptoms point strongly to a diagnosis of tension headaches, the many stressors in his life at this period such as being under pressure at his work and the tragic incident at the Erawan shrine. Being under a lot of stress can cause the muscles in the neck, back, and forehead, to tense and tightened up, especially at the end of a long day, giving the discomforting sensation of a mild headache. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), tension headaches are the most common types of headaches affecting a staggering figure of more than 1.4 billion people globally. Patients usually complain of a mild to moderate squeezing pressing pain in a band-like manner around the head, and tightening of the muscles in the neck and back. Stressful situations, sleep deprivation, anxiety and even simply having poor posture can lead to a mild case of a tension headache. I discussed with Mr. Y my thoughts on his symptoms given the history he provided. Furthermore I reassured him that tension headaches are self-limited and should resolve with him getting plenty of rest both physically and mentally. I spoke with him about the importance of regular exercise, and identifying stressors in life, and more importantly employing relaxation techniques such as meditation to cope with stressors. In addition, I shared that on the pharmacotherapy side, any type of over the counter non-steroid anti-inflammatory medicine such as ibuprofen (NSAIDs) can help relieve symptoms. Finally, I advised Mr. Y to go and see his primary care provider for a check up, a physical examination and most importantly to discuss his headaches. I hope Mr. Y’s headaches will resolve soon. It was a pleasure sharing medical knowledge with him. My thoughts and prayers are with our country at this time and especially the families who have lost their loved ones in the tragic bombing of the Erawan shrine. Please stay strong.

